Boil the potatoes: Peel and chop potatoes into chunks. Boil in salted water until tender but not waterlogged, about 12–15 minutes. Drain well and let steam-dry for 5 minutes so excess moisture evaporates.

Mash and cool: Mash the potatoes until smooth with a few small bits for texture. Spread on a tray and let cool to room temperature. Cool potatoes bind better and prevent soggy tikkis.

Prep add-ins: If using peas, lightly mash them. Finely chop onion, chili, and cilantro. Lightly crush cumin seeds to release aroma.

Mix the base: In a large bowl, add mashed potatoes, peas, onion, chili, cilantro, ginger, cumin seeds, coriander powder, chili powder, turmeric, garam masala, chaat masala, amchur or lemon juice, and salt. Mix gently until evenly combined.

Add binders: Sprinkle in breadcrumbs/poha and cornstarch. Mix to form a soft but not sticky dough. If it sticks to your hands, add 1–2 tablespoons more breadcrumbs.

Shape the patties: Lightly oil your hands. Divide mixture into 10–12 portions. Roll into balls, then flatten into 2.5–3 inch discs about 1/2 inch thick. For extra crunch, press each side lightly into semolina or panko.

Chill briefly (optional but helpful): Place patties on a plate, cover, and refrigerate 15–20 minutes. This helps them firm up and hold shape in the air fryer.

Preheat the air fryer: Set to 385–390°F (195–200°C) for 3–5 minutes. Lightly brush the basket with oil or use a perforated liner.

Cook the first batch: Arrange patties in a single layer without touching. Brush or spray the tops with oil. Air fry 8–10 minutes, flip, brush again, and cook 5–7 minutes more until deep golden and crisp.

Adjust to your air fryer: If they brown too fast, lower to 375°F (190°C). If they’re pale, add 2–3 minutes. Edges should be crisp; centers should feel set but tender.

Serve hot: Sprinkle with a pinch of chaat masala. Serve with mint-cilantro chutney, tamarind chutney, ketchup, or a dollop of yogurt. They’re fantastic in buns with sliced onion and lettuce, or topped with yogurt, chutneys, and sev for aloo tikki chaat.